May 10, 2005
Responsible Government, R.I.P.
Today the House of Commons voted 153-150 in favour of asking the public accounts committee to recommend that the government resign.
The government argues that this does not constitute a vote of no confidence.
Westminister style government is built on the concept of responsibility to Parliament. If the Executive loses the confidence of the Parliament, the Executive should resign. I emphasize should: neither the Canadian Constitution nor British democratic decisions require that this be the case; it is merely convention of honourable parliamentary practice to do so. Only the Governor-General or Queen has actual authority to dismiss a government. However, responsible government's preservation requires that the Executive honour votes of no confidence. Otherwise, the Executive ceases to be responsible to the legislature and is, instead, responsible only to the unelected monarch or representative thereof.
Responsibility to Parliament is absolutely key in our system of government. Unlike the United States, we lack checks and blances to constrain the power of the Executive. Parliament is the only meaningful constraint on the Executive and their widespread powers. When this constraint ceases to exist, the Governor-General, effectively chosen by the Prime Minister and likely therefore beholden to him/her, becomes the only check on the Prime Minister. That check is neither realistic nor desireable, let alone democratic or accountable.
The Liberals can whine that this was not a confidence motion and is only procedural, and they might even find support in their newfound conspirators, the NDP (has Jack Layton commented on this yet?), but the House asking a committee to recommend the Executive resign is a clear indication that the House wants the Executive to resign. And that is a clear indication of no confidence. Moreso than a defeat on a budget or supply motion: those only show disagreement with certain policy decisions and don't indicate that the House wants the Executive to resign. A motion explicity stating no confidence
might be more direct. But is there really any significant difference between we don't have confidence in you any more
and we want you to resign
? The former might more directly indicate no confidence, but the latter more directly indicates what you want done about the lack of confidence. On balance, I think everyone would agree the latter is the more harsh judgement.
Yet the government of Paul Martin disagrees. And worse, disagrees that there is any implication of no confidence. In doing so, Paul Martin and his government, possibly in concert with Jack Layton and the NDP, have eroded the only meaningful constraint on Executive power in Canada. An unbridled Executive is characteristic of dictatorships and single-party states; not parliamentary democracies.
Responsible government died today and it took democracy with it. This is not a trivial matter.
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